Achintya-Bheda-Abheda (अचिन्त्यभेदाभेद, of Vedanta representing
the philosophy of inconceivable one-ness and difference, in relation to
the power creation and creator, (Krishna), Svayam
Bhagavan, and also between God and his energies within
the Gaudiya Vaishnava religious tradition.
In Sanskrit achintya means
'inconceivable',bheda translates as 'difference', and abheda translates
as 'non-difference'. It is believed that this philosophy was taught by the
movement's theological founder Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (1486 - 1534) and
differentiates the Gaudiya tradition from the otherVaishnava Sampradayas. It can best be
understood as an integration of a strict dualist (Dvaita)
view of Madhvacharya and the qualified
monism Vishishtadvaita of Ramanujacharya while
rejecting the absolute monism Advaita of Adi Sankara.
Caitanya's
philosophy of acintya-bhedābheda-tattva completed the progression to
devotional theism. Rāmānuja had
agreed with Śaṅkarathat the Absolute is one only, but he had disagreed by
affirming individual variety within that oneness. Madhva had
underscored the eternal duality of the Supreme and the Jīva:
he had maintained that this duality endures even after liberation. Caitanya, in
turn, specified that the Supreme and the jīvas are "inconceivably,
simultaneously one and different" (acintya-bheda-abheda). He strongly
opposedŚaṅkara's philosophy for its defiance of Vyāsadeva's siddhānta.
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